Bushing assembly press



Patented Oct. 8, 1940 UNITEDl STATES PATE-NT oli-*Fica BUSHlNG-ASSEMBLY PRESS Ferris T. Harrington and Hugh C. Nye, Detroit,

Mich., assignors to Vickers Incorporated, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan 1 4 Application December 1, 1937, 4Serial No.'1 77,-i|l1 5 Claims.

This invention relates to power transmission systems of the type wherein a liquid medium, hereinafter referred to as oil, is utilized Afor transmitting-power between a pump and alfluid I motor. The object of the` present invention is to provide a power transmission system wherein the force or resistance encountered by the iluid may be utilized vto cause a change inthe manner of operation of the system.

One application to which the present invention is particularly suited is theoperation of Aa hydraulic press for assembling bushings in holes where it is necessary that each bushing fit the hole with proper tightness, that is, the bushing when entering in the hole should neither be too tight or too loose andthe force required to press 4thebushingf into the hole is .the measure of th fit between the bushing and the hole'.

It is accordingly a further object of the present invention to provide a power transmission system particularly adapted for operating a press of this character and wherein means are incorporated c for preventing operating of the press whenever the resistance encountered to force abushing into a hole is either too low or too high.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.

`In 'the drawing: the single figure illustrates diagrammatic'ally a press incorporating a preferred form of the present invention; l v

A sump I contains a supply oi' oil which is withdrawn through suction pipe |2 by a pump I4 of any suitable construction 'and 4which ls driven by an electric motor' or other prime mover not shown. Pump' |4 delivers oilv through a delivery conduit |8 in which is incorporated a relief valve |8 of conventional form adapted to by-pass oil to the sump through a conduit 20 whenever apredetermined safe pressure is exceeded. The delivery conduit |8 is connected toa port 22 of a four-way valve 24. The valve 24 is provided with return ports 28 and 28 which are connected by'a conduit 30, with the sump I0. A spool 32 is adapted to selectively connect a pair of ports 34 `and 38 with the ports 22 and 28--28 alternately, in the well known manner,

0 when moved to the right orto the left. The spool 32 is. biased to its right hand position lby ai spring 38 and maybe operated by a stem 40.` 'Stem 40 projects through vthe 4left end of the valve casing and has a shoulder 42 formed thereon which may -be engaged bya spring pressed detent 44.1 Al

-62 to which the-piston rod 5 (Cl. (S0-52) sleeve 48 surroundsthe stem'40vandis adapted to co-act with a' cam surface 48 -Iormedonithe detent 44 whereby when the sleeve 48 is moved A to the right the detent 44 is lifted out of engage- 5 ment with the'shoulder 42, a roller 50 is carried by the sleeve 48 whereby the latter may be actuated by a cam 52 mounted on the rod 54 later to be described. The ports 34 and `38arev connected `by conduits 58 and 58 withthe 'lower and'upper ends respectively of a fluid motor cylinder 80.

compression .spring '18 biases the spool 12 to closed 25 A position and. maybe adjusted by an adjusting screw 80. A checkrvalve 82 is provided between f the ports 14 and '|8}f op'ening .in the directinof ilow from the I8v to the port-14.'. Theport 'T8-of valve 88tis'c nnected by a conduit'84 to a cylinder v0 8 having afspring biasedpiston 88 therein. The portrlE fof the, valvellljis connected by a conduitfU- to eport-32 of a threewayvalve84. i

` The valve 94 has two operativepositions; the right hand one of which is shown on the draw- Ling, in which `the] port 82 is connected to a port 88. When the' valve spool is moved to theleit the port -82. is1connected to a port 88. Port 88 is connected with a`conduit |00 leading to a cylinder |02 in which a spring biased pistonv|04 40 is sl'idably mounted.

The spool valve 84 is connected with an operating lever |08 iulcrumed at |08. The opposite vend of'the lever |08 is `connected by a link l| I0 to a lever IIZ'and 'has ajhandle ||4. Lost mo- 45 tion with spring .take-'up is provided between lever |08 andlink |'|0 at the slot ||5. Lever ||2 is fulcrumed' at |8'and has an end |I8 adapted to engage the stem of the valve YIll.' A stem izo of the piston 'as is adapted to abut the1evers50 |08 and move the same fully to the left lwhenever fluid-pressure is admitted to the cylinder 8 8. A stem |22 of. the piston |0415 adapted toi' abut the lever ||8 and hold the same in its left most Vposition whenever iluid is admitted to the cylincylinders 86 and |82 and to the drain chambers of the valves 68 and 18.

In operation the pump I4 is placed inoperation withdrawing duid from the sump |8 through conduit |2 and delivering the same to conduit I6. In the normal or stop position of the lever ||4, the spool 82 is in right hand position as .is also the spool of'valve 94. Pressure is accordingly maintained beneath piston`62 and excess duid is by-passed from conduit I6 to the conduit 38 through relief valve I8. When it is desired to start the piston 68 downwardly to force a bushing into a hole the lever I I4 is moved to the right moving lever ||8 and stem 48 to the left. Pressure oil is accordingly admitted from port 22 to port 36 and pipe 58 where it enters the upper end of cylinder 68 forcing piston62 downwardly. As soon as the stem 48 is moved fully to the left the detent 44 engages the shoulder 42 preventing return movement of the spool 32 under the urge of spring 38. A portion of the press bed is indicated at |26 upon which a work piece having a hole |28 rests. A bushing |38 is adapted to be pressed into the hole |28 by the nose-piece |32 on the press yram v54. As the piston 62 descends the cam 62 engages roller 58 very shortly after the bushing drst enters the hole and the sleeve l46 is caused'to move to the right, releasing detent 44 from shoulder 42. The valve spool 32 is accordingly released to move to the right unless duid pressure has been previously admitted to the cylinder |82 and caused the stem |22 to abut against the lever I 8 and the stem 48.

The valvesl 88, 18 and 94 together determine whether or not the stem |22 will be projected to the left, The valve 18 is adjusted to open at a pressure in the conduit 66 which is equal to the pressure developed in cylinder 88, when the least permissible resistance is encountered when the bushing enters thehole. Valve 68 is adjusted to open at a higher pressure and which is the pressure existing in the cylinder 88 when the maximum permissible resistance is encountered as bushing enters the hole. If the resistance encountered is within the permissible range valve 18 will open and valve 68 will not open. Fluid will accordingly'be admitted to the conduit 98 and since handle I I4 has been moved to the rightcarrying the spool of the valve 94 to the left duid will enter through ports 92and 96 and conduit |88 to the cylinder |82. The piston |84 will thus ,be moved to the left and exert sumcient force on the stem 48 to retain the spool 82 in its leftward position against the force of spring 38 even though .the latch 44 be released/ .'I'he piston 62 will accordingly continue downwardly until the end of its stroke is reached at which time pressure will remain on thetop of .piston `62 until the handle |4 is manually moved to the left against the spring f in slot ||6. When this is done the cylinder |82 main retracted. Then as soon as the cam 52 contacts the roller 58 the detent 44V is released and spool 42 is permitted to move to thel right under fits spring bias, thus causing the piston 62 to re- .der |82. A drain conduit |24 connects to the l port 98 of the valve 94, to the stem ends of the turn without completing its stroke and giving an indication that the particular bushing in the press is an unsatisfactory dt. Should the resistance encountered as a bushing enters the hole be too high both the valves 88 and 18 will be open admitting fluid to conduits 84 and 98 simultaneously. Fluid in conduit 84 enters the cylinder 86 projecting the stem |28 to the left and shifting the lever |86 to the left. The stem of valve 94 is accordingly shifted to the right connecting port 92 with the drain port 98 and venting the cylinder |82. The cam 62 accordingly trips lthe detent 44 in the manner previously described and causes the return of piston"62 without completing its stroke, thus likewise indicating an unsatisfactory dt.

While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to 'be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A duid power transmission system comprising in combination a duid motor, pump means for supplying fluid to the motor to operate the motor in either direction, overload pressure limiting means for the pump, means for controlling the direction of duid dow to the motor, manual means for operating the control means, a member movable only upon the meeting of maximum resistance, a second member movable whenever minimum resistance is encountered. and means responsive either to movement of the first member or to non-movementof the second member for causing an` indication of resistance above or below said maximum or minimum resistances to be given.

2. A fluid power transmission system comprising in'combination a duid motor, pump means for supplying duid to the motor -to operate the motor in either direction, means for controlling the direction of duid dow to the motor, manual means for operating the control means and means for operating said control means independently of the manual means -to reverse the motor when the resistance encountered thereby falls either above or below a predetermined range, said last means including a member movable only upon the meeting of excessive resistance, a second member movablewhenever normal or higher resistance is encountered, and means responsive either to movement of the first member, or to non-movement of the second member for causing said control means g to reverse the motor.

ment of a predetermined high duid pressure at the motor, a second member movable upon the development of a predetermined lower pressurenatl the motor, and means responsive either: to movement of the drst member or to non-movement of the second member for operating said control means to reverse the motor. Y

4. A duid power transmission system comprising in combination a duid motor, pump means for supplying duid to the motor to operate the motor in either direction, means for controlling the dil' for operating .the-control means and means in.

cluding a detent' for restraining said control meanswhen it hasbeen manuallyoperated, means op-v erated by the motor for releasing said detent after the motor starts .to move, and additional pressure vresponsive meansfor restraining said control means when the detent has been released and whenever a predetermined resistance is encountered. l

5. A iluid power transmission system comprising in combination a fluid motor, pump means for i supplying fluid to the motor to operate the motor ln either direction, means for controlling the direction of uid ilow to the motor, manual means means. f

for operating the control means and means including a detent for restraining said control means'when it has been manually operated, means operated by the motor for releasing said detent after the motor starts -to move,`and additional pressure responsive means for restraining said control means when the detent has been lreleased and whenever a predetermined resistance is encountered, and means rendered effective when a predetermined higher resistance is encountered for disabling said additional pressure responsive FERRIS T. rIARRINGToN.

HUGH C. NYE. 

